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subjekat + simple past od "to have" + past particip glavnog glagola
U odričnim rečenicama ubacujemo rječicu not između pomoćnog i glavnog glagola, a upitnu rečenicu pravimo zamjenom subjekta i pomoćnog glagola.
Past Perfect Tense (pluperfekt) se upotrebljava:
a) da bi se izrazila radnja u prošlosti koja se desila prije neke druge radnje u prošlosti, također izražava radnju za koje se pretpostavljalo da je trebalo da se dogodi u prošlosti - prije neke druge radnje:
- We had left home before he came. (bili smo otišli prije nego što je on došao)
- The train left at 9am. We arrived at 9.15am. The train had left when we arrived.
(voz je krenuo u 9 sati. Mi smo stigli u 9 i 15. Voz je bio otišao kada smo mi stigli.)
| The train had left when we arrived. |
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| Voz odlazi u 9 sati. |
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| Mi stižemo u 9 i 15. |
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- I was not hungry. I had just eaten. (nisam bio gladan, upravo sam bio jeo)
- I didn't know who he was. I had never seen him before. (nisam znao ko je on,
nisam ga nikad bio vidio)
- He said that he had seen him at the theatre. (rekao je da ga je bio vidio
kod pozorišta).
U ovom primjeru past perfect je upotrebljen u indirektnom govoru umjesto past simple u direktnom.
b) u zavisnim rečenicama uz after:
He got a headache after he had washed his hair. (dobio je glavobolju nakon što je oprao kosu);
c) iza izraza: as if (kao da), if only (kad bi barem), I wish (kamo sreće da), past perfectom se izražava nešto što nije ostvareno u prošlosti:
I wish I had met you before. (kamo sreće da sam te ranije sreo)
If only you had sent me the SMS. (da si mi barem poslala SMS)
He played the basketball as if he had played in NBA. (igrao je košarku kao da je igrao u NBA)
to call - zvati
| I had called |
I had not called |
had I called? |
| you had called |
you had not called |
had you called? |
| he, she, it had called |
he, she, it had called |
had he, she, it called? |
| we had called |
we had called |
had we called? |
| you had called |
you had called |
had you called? |
| they had called |
they had called |
had they called? |
Main source (glavni izvor): EnglishClub.com
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